/Docs/G/MarsConstitution/Sec/Judiciary/0.md
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Ti = Section 4. The Judiciary
1.Ti = Article 1: Judicial Structure
1.1.0.sec = The Judiciary shall consist of three main court systems:
1.1.1.sec = District Courts,
1.1.2.sec = Appeals Courts,
1.1.3.sec = The Principal Court;
1.1. = [G/Z/ol-AA/s3]
1.2.0.sec = To apply to serve as a judge on a District Court, a candidate must meet the following criteria:
1.2.1.sec = Possesses a law degree and has practiced law for at least five years,
1.2.2.sec = Has done verifiable work relating to community service and/or social justice,
1.2.3.sec = Has received two written endorsements from accredited colleagues or mentors;
1.2. = [G/Z/ol-AA/s3]
1.3.0.sec = To apply to serve as a justice on an Appeals Court, a candidate must meet the same baseline criteria for that of a District judge plus the following additional requirements:
1.3.1.sec = Has practiced law or worked in a legal-adjacent profession for at least eight years,
1.3.2.sec = Or has served on a District Court for at least three years;
1.3. = [G/Z/ol-AA/s2]
1.4.0.sec = Selection of District and Appeals Court Judges:
1.4.1.sec = Applications for District and Appeals Court Judges will be accepted or rejected on the basis of sortition,
1.4.2.sec = Candidates will be randomly selected, with stratified sampling as outlined in Section 1, Article 3, as well as through taking legal background into consideration (judges should come from diverse fields within the law profession),
1.4. = [G/Z/ol-AA/s2]
1.5.0.sec = Term Limits
1.5.1.sec = Once appointed, judges on District Courts may serve for a maximum of six years in a row,
1.5.2.sec = Judges on Appeals Courts may serve for a maximum of ten years in a row,
1.5.3.sec = Judges may re-apply to serve on a different court after a 5 year hiatus from federal service.
1.5. = [G/Z/ol-AA/s3]
1. = [G/Z/ol-II/s5]
2.Ti = Article 2: The Principal Court
2.1.sec = The Principal Court justices shall be chosen from self-selected Appeals Court judges by sortition.
2.2.sec = The Principal Court shall be composed of fifteen justices. Justices shall have ten year terms. The first year of an incoming cohort of justices is to overlap with the final year of the leaving cohort of justices. For the first year of their term, the incoming justices will not exercise judicial power but will shadow their predecessors;
2.3.sec = The Principal Court shall hear cases pertaining to constitutional law and accepted appeals from lower courts;
2.4.0.sec = The Principal Court shall possess the power to overturn statutory law with a two-thirds majority. Any court may call into question the constitutionality of a federal policy, proposal, or action. However, these claims must be brought to the Principal Court to reach a final ruling;
2.4.1.sec = Citizens retain the right to bring any law they find to be unconstitutional to a court
2.4. = [G/Z/ol-AA/s1]
2.5.sec = Principal Court justices shall release the majority and dissenting as well as any concurring opinions to the public.
2. = [G/Z/ol-II/s5]
3.Ti = Article 3: Recall
3.1.0.sec = Power of Recall
3.1.1.sec = Citizens may also overturn the rulings of the Principal Court or call the constitutionality of a federal policy, proposal, or action into question;
3.1.2.0.sec = To call recall a Principal Court decision or federal policy, proposal, or action, citizens must:
3.1.2.1.sec = File to hold a referendum within their district. If citizens gain the consent of 10% of the voting-age population within their district, the question must be brought to a vote within the district,
3.1.2.2.sec = For the motion to pass, a 60% majority must vote in favor of it. If the district passes the motion, the question will be put to the geographic area encompassing the district’s Appeals Court region. If this referendum passes again with a 60% majority, the question is brought to the national level,
3.1.2.3.sec = If the referendum passes with a 60% majority on the national level, the Principal Court decision or Federal policy/proposal/action is ruled void and no longer takes hold.
3.1.2. = [G/Z/ol/s3]
3.1. = [G/Z/ol-AA/s2]
3. = [G/Z/ol-II/1]
4.Ti = Article 4: A Civil Law System
4.1.sec = The legal system shall follow a civil law system of codified legal principles;
4.2.0.sec = Structure of the Court
4.2.1.sec = Judges’ roles are to establish the facts of the case,
4.2.2.sec = Judges’ facilitate the discussion of the case,
4.2.3.sec = Depending on the level of the court, either the judge or jury will provide a verdict,
4.2.4.sec = In the case that the defendant is found guilty, the judge will provide the appropriate punishment based on relevant legal code;
4.2. = [G/Z/ol-AA/s4]
4. = [G/Z/ol-II/s2]
= [G/Z/ol/4]